First reported occurrence of citrus bent leaf viroid and citrus dwarfing viroid on imported oranges from China and lime fruits from Cambodia

Virusdisease
Parichate TangkanchanapasKris De Jonghe

Abstract

A number of viroids can cause serious damage on Citrus spp. ranging from stunting, bark scaling, yellowing and epinasty of leaves over stem pitting and gumming. However, so far, they have never been found in Thailand. In recent years, the import of orange and lime fruits from China and Cambodia, respectively, increased, and holds a substantial risk of viroid introduction and spread in Thailand. Orange and lime fruit samples in 2013 and 2014 were screened for the presence of citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), hop stunt viroid (HSVd), citrus bent leaf viroid (CBLVd) and citrus dwarfing viroid (CDVd; CVd-IIId) by means of specific RT-PCR methods. Only CBLVd and CDVd were detected, clearly generating the expected amplification bands of around 320 and 300 base pairs, respectively. The presence of CBLVd and CDVd was confirmed by amplicon sequencing and RNA secondary structure analysis. About 34.2 and 19.5% of 41 samples (around 2300 fruits) of the imported lime fruit were infected with CBLVd and CDVd, respectively. CBLVd was detected in 62.3% of the 77 samples (around 2000 fruits) from imported oranges, while CDVd was found in 75.3%. This result indicates that the incidence of both CBLVd and CDVd in the imported citrus fruits is quite h...Continue Reading

Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
PCR

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.