Fish farms at sea: the ground truth from Google Earth.

PloS One
Pablo TrujilloJennifer Jacquet

Abstract

In the face of global overfishing of wild-caught seafood, ocean fish farming has augmented the supply of fresh fish to western markets and become one of the fastest growing global industries. Accurate reporting of quantities of wild-caught fish has been problematic and we questioned whether similar discrepancies in data exist in statistics for farmed fish production. In the Mediterranean Sea, ocean fish farming is prevalent and stationary cages can be seen off the coasts of 16 countries using satellite imagery available through Google Earth. Using this tool, we demonstrate here that a few trained scientists now have the capacity to ground truth farmed fish production data reported by the Mediterranean countries. With Google Earth, we could examine 91% of the Mediterranean coast and count 248 tuna cages (circular cages >40 m diameter) and 20,976 other fish cages within 10 km offshore, the majority of which were off Greece (49%) and Turkey (31%). Combining satellite imagery with assumptions about cage volume, fish density, harvest rates, and seasonal capacity, we make a conservative approximation of ocean-farmed finfish production for 16 Mediterranean countries. Our overall estimate of 225,736 t of farmed finfish (not including t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 29, 2014·Marine Environmental Research·V Fernandez-GonzalezP Sanchez-Jerez
Aug 27, 2014·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Tessa MazorHugh P Possingham
Nov 14, 2015·Marine Pollution Bulletin·D Rodríguez-RodríguezJ Rodríguez
May 4, 2018·Global Change Biology·Gianluca SaràRoberto Pastres
Feb 11, 2020·Global Change Biology·Muhammed A OyinlolaWilliam W L Cheung
Jun 22, 2016·Global Change Biology·Ramón FilgueiraRéjean Tremblay
Jan 23, 2018·PloS One·Muhammed A OyinlolaWilliam W L Cheung

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Software Mentioned

Google Earth ruler tool
Google Earth

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