Fish Macrophages Show Distinct Metabolic Signatures Upon Polarization.

Frontiers in Immunology
Annelieke S WentzelGeert F Wiegertjes

Abstract

Macrophages play important roles in conditions ranging from host immune defense to tissue regeneration and polarize their functional phenotype accordingly. Next to differences in the use of L-arginine and the production of different cytokines, inflammatory M1 macrophages and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages are also metabolically distinct. In mammals, M1 macrophages show metabolic reprogramming toward glycolysis, while M2 macrophages rely on oxidative phosphorylation to generate energy. The presence of polarized functional immune phenotypes conserved from mammals to fish led us to hypothesize that a similar metabolic reprogramming in polarized macrophages exists in carp. We studied mitochondrial function of M1 and M2 carp macrophages under basal and stressed conditions to determine oxidative capacity by real-time measurements of oxygen consumption and glycolytic capacity by measuring lactate-based acidification. In M1 macrophages, we found increased nitric oxide production and irg1 expression in addition to altered oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. In M2 macrophages, we found increased arginase activity, and both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis were similar to control macrophages. These results indicate that M1...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 2, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Magdalena MaciuszekMagdalena Chadzinska
Dec 8, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Philippe SaasThomas Cherrier
Jan 30, 2021·Neural Regeneration Research·Maria Iribarne
Jun 1, 2021·Fish & Shellfish Immunology·Michał StosikWiesław Deptuła

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
scraping

Software Mentioned

DESeq
DEseq2
GraphPad Prism
R
CellProfiler
SPSS

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