Five years post whiplash injury: Symptoms and psychological factors in recovered versus non-recovered.

BMC Research Notes
Daniel Merrick, Britt-Marie Stålnacke

Abstract

Few studies have focused on the differences between persons who are recovered after whiplash injury and those who suffer from persistent disability. The primary aim of this study was therefore to examine differences in symptoms, psychological factors and life satisfaction between subjects classified as recovered and those with persistent disability five years after whiplash injury based on the Neck Disability Index (NDI). A set of questionnaires was answered by 158 persons (75 men, 83 women) to assess disability (NDI), pain intensity (VAS), whiplash-related symptoms (Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire, RPQ), post-traumatic stress (Impact of Event Scale, IES), depression (Beck's depression inventory, BDI) and life satisfaction (LiSat-11).The participants were divided into three groups based on the results of the NDI: recovered (34.8%), mild disability (37.3%) and moderate/severe disability (27.3%). The moderate/severe group reported significantly higher VAS, BDI and IES scores and lower level of physical health and psychological health compared to the mild and the recovered groups. Less significant differences were reported between the mild and the recovered groups. The group with the highest disability score repor...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 19, 2011·Journal of Neurology·Katayun HassanpourArmin Curt
Jun 12, 2012·Rehabilitation Research and Practice·Britt Marie Stålnacke
Nov 25, 2011·Disability and Rehabilitation·Lisa C CarlessoJoy C MacDermid
Jan 20, 2012·Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics·Maxim A BakhtadzeDavid Soave
Jun 23, 2016·Journal of Chiropractic Medicine·Arthur C CroftStephen Wagner
Feb 7, 2020·Acupuncture in Medicine : Journal of the British Medical Acupuncture Society·Samuel StuartRosie Morris
Jan 25, 2020·Pain·Haidar Muhsen Al-KhazaliHenrik W Schytz
May 24, 2020·Dysphagia·D B StoneJ M Elliott

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