Flavonoids inhibit both rice and sheep serotonin N-acetyltransferases and reduce melatonin levels in plants

Journal of Pineal Research
Kyungjin LeeKyoungwhan Back

Abstract

The plant melatonin biosynthetic pathway has been well characterized, but inhibitors of melatonin synthesis have not been well studied. Here, we found that flavonoids potently inhibited plant melatonin synthesis. For example, flavonoids including morin and myricetin significantly inhibited purified, recombinant sheep serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT). Flavonoids also dose-dependently and potently inhibited purified rice SNAT1 and SNAT2. Thus, myricetin (100 μmol/L) reduced rice SNAT1 and SNAT2 activity 7- and 10-fold, respectively, and also strongly inhibited the N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase activity of purified, recombinant rice caffeic acid O-methyltransferase. To explore the in vivo effects, rice leaves were treated with flavonoids and then cadmium. Flavonoid-treated leaves had lower melatonin levels than the untreated control. To explore the direct roles of flavonoids in melatonin biosynthesis, we first functionally characterized a putative rice flavonol synthase (FLS) in vitro and generated flavonoid-rich transgenic rice plants that overexpressed FLS. Such plants produced more flavonoids but less melatonin than the wild-type, which suggests that flavonoids indeed inhibit plant melatonin biosynthesis.

References

Jun 21, 2001·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·K H Miean, S Mohamed
Jul 19, 2003·Science·UNKNOWN Rice Full-Length cDNA ConsortiumAyako Yasunishi
Feb 1, 2005·Plant Foods for Human Nutrition·L H YaoS S Chen
Jun 26, 2007·Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry·Satoshi Tahara
Oct 11, 2007·Journal of Medicinal Chemistry·Lawrence M SzewczukPhilip A Cole
Nov 6, 2007·Plant Physiology·Axel HimmelbachJochen Kumlehn
May 10, 2008·Plant Physiology·Daniel K OwensBrenda S J Winkel
Jul 9, 2008·Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry·Saeed PirouzpanahMohammad-Reza Rashidi
Jun 2, 2010·Plant Signaling & Behavior·Akula RamakrishnaG A Ravishankar
Oct 1, 2013·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Jae-Cheon ShinBo-Hwa Choi
Oct 19, 2013·Journal of Pineal Research·Yeong ByeonKyoungwhan Back
Jan 18, 2014·Journal of Pineal Research·Yeong ByeonKyoungwhan Back
Jan 23, 2016·Frontiers in Plant Science·Muhammad A NawazSaba Hameed
Mar 1, 2016·Frontiers in Plant Science·Rüdiger Hardeland
Aug 9, 2016·Journal of Pineal Research·Russel J ReiterLilian Qin
Sep 14, 2016·Experimental Dermatology·Andrzej T SlominskiRussel J Reiter
Dec 3, 2016·Frontiers in Plant Science·Lauren A E ErlandPraveen K Saxena
Jan 18, 2017·Journal of Pineal Research·Shu-Yu CaiJie Zhou
Jan 18, 2017·Journal of Pineal Research·Jun-Xue JinByeong Chun Lee

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 24, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Xin LiWen-Yan Han
Oct 16, 2019·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Dezhi Huang, Yugang Jiang
Nov 23, 2019·Journal of Receptor and Signal Transduction Research·Guanqun Ma, Yingwu Liu
Apr 14, 2019·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Lijuan ZhangHongyi Cai
Nov 27, 2021·TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·Zhicheng HuQiushi Fu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.