PMID: 9438679Jan 23, 1998Paper

Flavor preference conditioning by oral self-administration of ethanol

Psychopharmacology
C L Cunningham, J S Niehus

Abstract

Oral self-administration and operant tasks have been used successfully to confirm ethanol's positive reinforcing effects in rats. However, in flavor conditioning tasks, ethanol is typically found to have aversive effects. The present studies explored this apparent paradox by examining the change in value of a flavor paired with orally self-administered ethanol in two different limited-access procedures. Rats were food-deprived and trained to drink (experiment 1) or to barpress for (experiment 2) 10% (v/v) ethanol during daily 30-min sessions using prandial initiation techniques. All rats were then exposed to a differential flavor conditioning procedure in which banana or almond extract was added to the drinking solution. One flavor (counterbalanced) was always mixed with ethanol (CS+), whereas the other flavor was mixed with water (CS-). By the end of conditioning, rats in both experiments drank more flavored ethanol than flavored water, confirming ethanol's efficacy as a reinforcer. Moreover, barpress rates for CS+ exceeded those for CS- in the operant task. Ethanol doses self-administered in final sessions averaged about 1 g/kg. The effect of the flavor-ethanol contingency was assessed in preference tests that offered a choic...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 27, 2001·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·K Ackroff, A Sclafani
Aug 31, 2001·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·N J GrahameL Lumeng
Oct 12, 2002·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Karen Ackroff, Anthony Sclafani
Oct 12, 2002·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Karen Ackroff, Anthony Sclafani
May 22, 2003·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Karen Ackroff, Anthony Sclafani
Feb 28, 2002·Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology·Timothy A Shahan
Aug 25, 2004·Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology·Claudio N SoaresMeir Steiner
Jun 9, 2006·Addiction Biology·Carla Sanchis-Segura, Rainer Spanagel
Jun 15, 2007·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Arthur TomieLarissa A Pohorecky
Mar 17, 2005·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Hilary J LittleChristopher Cunningham
Apr 22, 2004·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Arthur TomieLarissa A Pohorecky
Jan 21, 2012·Physiology & Behavior·Ricardo Marcos PautassiNorman E Spear
Sep 3, 2014·Physiology & Behavior·Ricardo Marcos PautassiMichael Nizhnikov
Jun 14, 2016·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·David S O'Tousa, Nicholas J Grahame

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