Flexible ammonia handling strategies using both cutaneous and branchial epithelia in the highly ammonia-tolerant Pacific hagfish

American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
Alexander M CliffordGreg G Goss

Abstract

Hagfish consume carrion, potentially exposing them to hypoxia, hypercapnia, and high environmental ammonia (HEA). We investigated branchial and cutaneous ammonia handling strategies by which Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) tolerate and recover from high ammonia loading. Hagfish were exposed to HEA (20 mmol/l) for 48 h to elevate plasma total ammonia (TAmm) levels before placement into divided chambers for a 4-h recovery period in ammonia-free seawater where ammonia excretion (JAmm) was measured independently in the anterior and posterior compartments. Localized HEA exposures were also conducted by subjecting hagfish to HEA in either the anterior or posterior compartments. During recovery, HEA-exposed animals increased JAmm in both compartments, with the posterior compartment comprising ~20% of the total JAmm compared with ~11% in non-HEA-exposed fish. Plasma TAmm increased substantially when whole hagfish and the posterior regions were exposed to HEA. Alternatively, plasma TAmm did not elevate after anterior localized HEA exposure. JAmm was concentration dependent (0.05-5 mmol/l) across excised skin patches at up to eightfold greater rates than in skin sections that were excised from HEA-exposed hagfish. Skin excised from ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 17, 2018·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Matthew A BirkBrad A Seibel
Mar 9, 2020·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Angelina M DichieraAndrew J Esbaugh
Jan 1, 2018·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Alexander M CliffordGreg G Goss
Jul 20, 2017·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Alyssa M WeinrauchGreg G Goss
Jun 9, 2017·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·K M Gilmour
Nov 30, 2018·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Marina GiacominChris M Wood
Feb 7, 2021·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Junho Eom, Chris M Wood
Jun 24, 2021·Journal of Fish Biology·Giacomin MarinaAlex M Zimmer
Sep 9, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Till S HarterMartin Tresguerres

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AAI33319
.1
AAH79365
AAM48577
AAU89493
AAX39716

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

BLAST ( Basic Local Alignment Search Tool )
SeaView
RAxML
GBlocks
RAx
GraphPad Prism
HMMER3
GTRGAMMA
HMMER
GraphPad

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