Flight-induced changes in gene expression in the Glanville fritillary butterfly

Molecular Ecology
J KvistI Hanski

Abstract

Insect flight is one of the most energetically demanding activities in the animal kingdom, yet for many insects flight is necessary for reproduction and foraging. Moreover, dispersal by flight is essential for the viability of species living in fragmented landscapes. Here, working on the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia), we use transcriptome sequencing to investigate gene expression changes caused by 15 min of flight in two contrasting populations and the two sexes. Male butterflies and individuals from a large metapopulation had significantly higher peak flight metabolic rate (FMR) than female butterflies and those from a small inbred population. In the pooled data, FMR was significantly positively correlated with genome-wide heterozygosity, a surrogate of individual inbreeding. The flight experiment changed the expression level of 1513 genes, including genes related to major energy metabolism pathways, ribosome biogenesis and RNA processing, and stress and immune responses. Males and butterflies from the population with high FMR had higher basal expression of genes related to energy metabolism, whereas females and butterflies from the small population with low FMR had higher expression of genes related to ribo...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 24, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Toby FountainIlkka Hanski
Nov 20, 2016·Journal of Evolutionary Biology·L WoestmannM Saastamoinen
Feb 12, 2020·Movement Ecology·Steven GoossensDries Bonte
Oct 20, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Siyuan GuoLe Kang
May 22, 2021·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Zhijuan HuangChaoliang Lei

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