PMID: 16532615Mar 15, 2006Paper

Flow and thrombosis at orifices simulating mechanical heart valve leakage regions

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
Anna M FallonStephen R Hanson

Abstract

While it is established that mechanical heart valves (MHVs) damage blood elements during leakage and forward flow, the role in thrombus formation of platelet activation by high shear flow geometries remains unclear. In this study, continuously recalcified blood was used to measure the effects of blood flow through orifices, which model MHVs, on the generation of procoagulant thrombin and the resulting formation of thrombus. The contribution of platelets to this process was also assessed. 200, 400, 800, and 1200 microm orifices simulated the hinge region of bileaflet MHVs, and 200, 400, and 800 microm wide slits modeled the centerline where the two leaflets meet when the MHV is closed. To assess activation of coagulation during blood recirculation, samples were withdrawn over 0-47 min and the plasmas assayed for thrombin-antithrombin-llI (TAT) levels. Model geometries were also inspected visually. The 200 and 400 microm round orifices induced significant TAT generation and thrombosis over the study interval. In contrast, thrombin generation by the slit orifices, and by the 800 and 1200 microm round orifices, was negligible. In additional experiments with nonrecalcified or platelet-depleted blood, TAT levels were markedly reduced...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 13, 2010·Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology·Eli J WeinbergMohammad Reza Kaazempur Mofrad
Nov 7, 2007·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Anna M FallonAjit P Yoganathan
Oct 27, 2010·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Jingshu WuAjit P Yoganathan
May 25, 2011·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Mikhail LaraKerem Pekkan
Feb 18, 2009·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·Lakshmi P DasiAjit P Yoganathan
Jun 2, 2015·Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy·Daniel Y CheungJonathan T Butcher
Apr 1, 2008·Journal of Biomechanics·Lakshmi P DasiAjit P Yoganathan
May 29, 2007·Thrombosis Research·Anna M FallonAjit P Yoganathan
Oct 4, 2007·British Journal of Haematology·Rehana S LovelyDavid H Farrell
Aug 12, 2017·Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation·Suvankar MajumdarJohn C Kermode
Apr 22, 2016·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·David L BarkLakshmi P Dasi
Nov 17, 2009·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Choon Hwai YapAjit P Yoganathan
Jan 15, 2015·Journal of Biomechanical Engineering·Sivakkumar ArjunonAjit P Yoganathan
Jun 27, 2019·Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology·Ewa Klusak, Nathan J Quinlan

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