Fluid structure interaction modelling of aortic valve stenosis: Effects of valve calcification on coronary artery flow and aortic root hemodynamics

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Araz R KiviMaziar Arjomandi

Abstract

Coronary artery diseases and aortic valve stenosis are two of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Stenosis of the aortic valve develops due to calcium deposition on the aortic valve leaflets during the cardiac cycle. Clinical investigations have demonstrated that aortic valve stenosis not only affects hemodynamic parameters inside the aortic root but also has a significant influence on the coronary artery hemodynamics and leads to the initiation of coronary artery disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of calcification of the aortic valve on the variation of hemodynamic parameters in the aortic root and coronary arteries in order to find potential locations for initiation of the coronary stenoses. Fluid structure interaction modelling methodology was used to simulate aortic valve hemodynamics in the presence of coronary artery flow. A 2-D model of the aortic valve leaflets was developed in ANSYS Fluent based on the available echocardiography images in literature. The k-ω SST turbulence model was utilised to model the turbulent flow downstream of the leaflets. The effects of calcification of the aortic valve on aortic root hemodynamics including transvalvular pressure gradient, valve orific...Continue Reading

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