Follicular Penetration of Caffeine from Topically Applied Nanoemulsion Formulations Containing Penetration Enhancers: In vitro Human Skin Studies

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology
Eman AbdJeffrey E Grice

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate transfollicular delivery enhancement of caffeine from nanoemulsion formulations incorporating oleic acid (OA) and eucalyptol (EU) as chemical penetration enhancers. Caffeine permeation was evaluated from nanoemulsions containing OA or EU and an aqueous control solution through excised human full-thickness skin with hair follicles opened, blocked, or left untreated. Differential tape stripping was performed, followed by cyanoacrylate skin surface biopsies to determine the amount of caffeine in the hair follicles, and skin extraction to determine the retention of caffeine in the skin. Nanoemulsions significantly increased caffeine permeation through open and untreated skin over control (untreated: 36- and 42-fold for OA and EU, respectively; open: 40- and 49-fold). The follicular route contributed 53.7% of caffeine permeation for the OA nanoemulsion and 51% for EU when follicles were opened. Nanoemulsions promoted 4- and 3.4-fold increases in caffeine retention in open follicles, for OA and EU, respectively. Retention of caffeine in the stratum corneum and skin was almost equal in all cases. This study demonstrated effective delivery of caffeine as a hydrophilic model drug into and through hair fol...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 11, 2020·Skin Research and Technology : Official Journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI)·Juergen LademannMaxim E Darvin
Dec 11, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Elwira Lasoń
Sep 1, 2020·International Journal of Cosmetic Science·E AbdN Andréo-Filho
Jul 18, 2021·European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Für Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V·P BreuckmannA Patzelt
Aug 27, 2021·Archives of Toxicology·Enzo Zini Moreira SilvaDaniela Morais Leme
Sep 4, 2021·Drug Delivery and Translational Research·Lijuan ZengWenting Song

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