Food Starch Structure Impacts Gut Microbiome Composition

MSphere
Frederick J WarrenMichael J Gidley

Abstract

Starch is a major source of energy in the human diet and is consumed in diverse forms. Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. Our results highlight the complexity of starch fermentation processes and indicate that not all forms of RS in foods are degraded or fermented in the same way. This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive va...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 13, 2019·Nutrients·Starin McKeenNicole C Roy
May 14, 2019·American Journal of Primatology·Sally L BornbuschClaudia K Gunsch
Oct 2, 2019·Nature Microbiology·Rachel N CarmodyPeter J Turnbaugh
Jun 1, 2019·Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology·Barbara A WilliamsMichael J Gidley
Aug 24, 2018·Nutrients·Isabella Pali-SchöllErika Jensen-Jarolim
Oct 13, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Yanpeng ZhangMuhammad Shoaib Alam
Jul 7, 2019·Microorganisms·Starin McKeenWarren C McNabb
Mar 1, 2019·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Haiteng LiSushil Dhital
Dec 18, 2020·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Shujun WangShuo Wang
Jan 26, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Christopher J R TurkingtonJuris A Grasis
Feb 12, 2021·Journal of Applied Microbiology·Ebenezeri Erasto NgowiDong-Dong Wu
Nov 26, 2019·Current Opinion in Biotechnology·Peter DeMartino, Darrell W Cockburn
Jun 15, 2021·Journal of Renal Nutrition : the Official Journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation·Annabel BirueteKenneth R Wilund
Jan 4, 2020·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Nannan GuanBin Zhang
Aug 18, 2021·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules·Aldrine KiluaMichihiro Fukushima

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
DRA006773

Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear magnetic resonance
NMR
amplicon sequencing
PCR

Software Mentioned

PICRUSt
INFOGEST
R
SAS
MC
Quantitative Insight Into Microbial Ecology ( QIIME )
PyNAST
sub
gplots
QIIME

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