Footnotes to Kraepelin: changes in the classification of mood disorders with DSM-5

BJPsych Open
Nicola J Kalk, Allan H Young

Abstract

Reliable diagnosis of mood disorders continues to pose a challenge. This is surprising because they have been recognised clinically since classical times. Mood disorders are also common: major depressive disorder affects nearly 300 million people worldwide and bipolar affective disorder nearly 60 million and they are a major cause of disability. Nonetheless, the reliability trials of the updated Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) found that the reliability of the diagnosis of major depressive disorder was in the 'questionable' range. Although the reliability of the diagnosis of bipolar I disorder in the same trials was 'good', the sample size of the individuals recruited to validate bipolar II disorder was insufficient to confirm reliability. As the epidemiological prevalences of bipolar I and bipolar II disorders are the same, this alone implies problems in its recognition. Here, we critically evaluate the most recent iteration of DSM mood disorder diagnoses in a historical light and set out the implications for clinical practice and research. N.J.K. has attended educational activities funded by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and by Lundbeck and has worked on data from a study funded by Wyeth; her PhD was jointly ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 15, 2020·Journal of Affective Disorders·Maria Faurholt-JepsenLars Vedel Kessing
Sep 10, 2021·Journal of Psychopharmacology·Allan H Young, Sameer Jauhar

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