Foreshock and aftershocks in simple earthquake models

Physical Review Letters
J KazemianRachele Dominguez

Abstract

Many models of earthquake faults have been introduced that connect Gutenberg-Richter (GR) scaling to triggering processes. However, natural earthquake fault systems are composed of a variety of different geometries and materials and the associated heterogeneity in physical properties can cause a variety of spatial and temporal behaviors. This raises the question of how the triggering process and the structure interact to produce the observed phenomena. Here we present a simple earthquake fault model based on the Olami-Feder-Christensen and Rundle-Jackson-Brown cellular automata models with long-range interactions that incorporates a fixed percentage of stronger sites, or asperity cells, into the lattice. These asperity cells are significantly stronger than the surrounding lattice sites but eventually rupture when the applied stress reaches their higher threshold stress. The introduction of these spatial heterogeneities results in temporal clustering in the model that mimics that seen in natural fault systems along with GR scaling. In addition, we observe sequences of activity that start with a gradually accelerating number of larger events (foreshocks) prior to a main shock that is followed by a tail of decreasing activity (aft...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 8, 2016·Scientific Reports·Xiaoming Zhang, Robert Shcherbakov
Jul 18, 2018·Physical Review. E·Sergiy V Mykulyak
Jun 17, 2020·Nature Communications·Giuseppe PetrilloAlberto Rosso
Apr 10, 2021·Physical Review Letters·Shyam NandanDidier Sornette

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