Four-dimensional 1H and 23Na imaging using continuously oscillating gradients

Journal of Magnetic Resonance
J M Star-LackT F Budinger

Abstract

A class of fast magnetic spectroscopic imaging methods using continuously oscillating gradients for four-dimensional (three spatial and one spectral) localization is introduced. Sampling may start immediately following the application of an RF excitation pulse, thus enabling measurement of spin density, chemical shift, and relaxation rates of short-T2 species. For spatial localization, steady-state sinusoidal gradient waveforms are used to sample a ball in k space. The two types of trajectories presented include: (1) continuously oscillating gradients with continuously rotating direction used for steady-state free-precession imaging and (2) continuously oscillating gradients followed by a spoiler directed along discrete projections. Design criteria are given and spatial-spectral and spatial-temporal reconstruction methods are developed. Theoretical point-spread functions and signal-to-noise ratios are derived while considering T2*, off-resonance effects, and RF excitation options. Experimental phantom, in vivo, and in vitro 1H and 23Na images collected at 2.35 T are presented. The 1H images were acquired with isotropic spatial resolution ranging from 0.03 to 0.27 cm3 and gradient-oscillation frequencies ranging from 600 to 700 ...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Dec 4, 2003·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·Bassem HibaAnne Ziegler
Feb 20, 1999·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·E Adalsteinsson, D M Spielman
May 20, 1999·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·J M Star-Lack
May 23, 1998·NMR in Biomedicine·S J NelsonJ Kurhanewicz
Feb 24, 1998·Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance·P J PradoT W Bremner
Dec 22, 2004·Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI·Andreas GreiserMarkus von Kienlin

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