Four Individually Identified Paired Dopamine Neurons Signal Reward in Larval Drosophila

Current Biology : CB
Astrid RohwedderAndreas S Thum

Abstract

Dopaminergic neurons serve multiple functions, including reinforcement processing during associative learning [1-12]. It is thus warranted to understand which dopaminergic neurons mediate which function. We study larval Drosophila, in which only approximately 120 of a total of 10,000 neurons are dopaminergic, as judged by the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme of dopamine biosynthesis [5, 13]. Dopaminergic neurons mediating reinforcement in insect olfactory learning target the mushroom bodies, a higher-order "cortical" brain region [1-5, 11, 12, 14, 15]. We discover four previously undescribed paired neurons, the primary protocerebral anterior medial (pPAM) neurons. These neurons are TH positive and subdivide the medial lobe of the mushroom body into four distinct subunits. These pPAM neurons are acutely necessary for odor-sugar reward learning and require intact TH function in this process. However, they are dispensable for aversive learning and innate behavior toward the odors and sugars employed. Optogenetical activation of pPAM neurons is sufficient as a reward. Thus, the pPAM neurons convey a likely dopaminergic reward signal. In contrast, DL1 cluster neurons convey a corresponding punishment...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 29, 2016·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Volker HartensteinMing Guo
Aug 25, 2016·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Anthi A ApostolopoulouAndreas S Thum
Dec 21, 2016·PLoS Biology·Nobuhiro YamagataHiromu Tanimoto
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Jan 31, 2020·Journal of Neurogenetics·Aditi MishraTroy Zars
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Jul 7, 2017·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Maria J Almeida-CarvalhoMarta Zlatic
Aug 27, 2017·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Anna Rist, Andreas S Thum
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Aug 7, 2021·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Maarten Wissink, Volker Nehring

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