FoxO and stress responses in the cnidarian Hydra vulgaris.

PloS One
Diane BridgeDaniel E Martínez

Abstract

In the face of changing environmental conditions, the mechanisms underlying stress responses in diverse organisms are of increasing interest. In vertebrates, Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis elegans, FoxO transcription factors mediate cellular responses to stress, including oxidative stress and dietary restriction. Although FoxO genes have been identified in early-arising animal lineages including sponges and cnidarians, little is known about their roles in these organisms. We have examined the regulation of FoxO activity in members of the well-studied cnidarian genus Hydra. We find that Hydra FoxO is expressed at high levels in cells of the interstitial lineage, a cell lineage that includes multipotent stem cells that give rise to neurons, stinging cells, secretory cells and gametes. Using transgenic Hydra that express a FoxO-GFP fusion protein in cells of the interstitial lineage, we have determined that heat shock causes localization of the fusion protein to the nucleus. Our results also provide evidence that, as in bilaterian animals, Hydra FoxO activity is regulated by both Akt and JNK kinases. These findings imply that basic mechanisms of FoxO regulation arose before the evolution of bilaterians and raise the possibility th...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GU219981
DQ385853

Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
environmental stresses
PCR
in vitro transcription

Software Mentioned

CONSENSE
PAUP *
MrBayes
Phylip
PAUP
PROML
tblastn
ClustalX
SEQBOOT
BLAST

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