PMID: 9180024May 5, 1997Paper

Fractures at the base of the skull in gunshots to the head

Forensic Science International : Synergy
P BetzW Eisenmenger

Abstract

The distribution of fractures at the base of the skull was investigated in 147 victims with lethal head shot wounds caused by handguns or small calibre low-velocity rifles. In individuals without an impact of the projectile at the base of the skull, bullets lodged in the head were found up to a calibre of 7.65 mm (pistol) or .38 special (revolver), respectively. In cases with a trajectory through the cranial fossae positive results were obtained up to 9 mm (pistol) or even .45 (revolver). Fractures in anterior parts of the base of the skull were a rather frequent finding (82% of the cases) and could also be observed in victims shot by low energy guns. Fracture lines in particular in all cranial fossae, however, indicate a comparatively high energy missile and were found in victims without a direct impact of the bullet at the base of the skull after the use of guns with a calibre of at least 7.65 mm. Severe fractures leading to a hinge-like mobility of the base of the skull point also to projectiles of rather high energy. On the other hand, such fractures were also found in a victim with a contact shot by a .22 rifle. Therefore, it must be emphasized that individual factors such as the constitution of the base of the skull, the ...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1996·International Journal of Legal Medicine·P BetzW Eisenmenger
Jun 8, 2007·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Stephanie Padilla

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Citations

Sep 8, 2005·Skull Base : Official Journal of North American Skull Base Society ... [et Al.]·Harjinder Singh Bhatoe
Feb 1, 2011·European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery : Official Publication of the European Trauma Society·A GröbeP Pohlenz
May 4, 2010·Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons·Sabri T Shuker, Raid Sadda
Jun 10, 2009·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Constantin von SeeMartin Rücker
Mar 24, 2009·Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons·Constantin StuehmerMartin Rücker
Sep 10, 2014·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Debra CarrJules Kieser
Aug 17, 2014·International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery·P K StefanopoulosK Filippakis
Aug 23, 2019·Journal of Forensic Sciences·Graziano D L CrudeleCristina Cattaneo

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