Fragile X-related protein 1 (FXR1) regulates cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression at the maternal-fetal interface

Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
Xiao-Cui LiJin-Hong Chen

Abstract

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is regulated post-transcriptionally by the AU-rich element (ARE) in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of its mRNA. However, the mechanism of COX-2 induction in infertility has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. The aim of this study was to examine the association between COX-2 and fragile X-related protein 1 (FXR1) in trophoblasts. Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, our results showed that FXR1 mRNA expression levels were significantly decreased in trophoblasts from recurrent miscarriage patients compared with healthy controls; conversely, COX-2 mRNA expression levels were increased in patient samples. We also observed that FXR1 was highly expressed in human placental villi during early pregnancy. Furthermore, we used western blotting and immunofluorescence to analyse the expression levels of FXR1 and COX-2 in HTR-8 cells that were treated with tumour necrosis factor α; we observed that the expression of COX-2 was clearly increased in HTR-8 cells treated with FXR1 small interfering RNA, whereas the expression of COX-2 was effectively decreased in HTR-8 cells with FXR1 overexpressed via a plasmid. Importantly, bioinformatics analysis identified FXR1 binding sites in t...Continue Reading

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