Free Standing, Large-Area Silicon Nitride Membranes for High Toxin Clearance in Blood Surrogate for Small-Format Hemodialysis

Membranes
Joshua J MillerDean G Johnson

Abstract

Developing highly-efficient membranes for toxin clearance in small-format hemodialysis presents a fabrication challenge. The miniaturization of fluidics and controls has been the focus of current work on hemodialysis (HD) devices. This approach has not addressed the membrane efficiency needed for toxin clearance in small-format hemodialysis devices. Dr. Willem Kolff built the first dialyzer in 1943 and many changes have been made to HD technology since then. However, conventional HD still uses large instruments with bulky dialysis cartridges made of ~2 m2 of 10 micron thick, tortuous-path membrane material. Portable, wearable, and implantable HD systems may improve clinical outcomes for patients with end-stage renal disease by increasing the frequency of dialysis. The ability of ultrathin silicon-based sheet membranes to clear toxins is tested along with an analytical model predicting long-term multi-pass experiments from single-pass clearance experiments. Advanced fabrication methods are introduced that produce a new type of nanoporous silicon nitride sheet membrane that features the pore sizes needed for middle-weight toxin removal. Benchtop clearance results with sheet membranes (~3 cm2) match a theoretical model and indicat...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1993·Artificial Organs·W J Kolff
Feb 7, 2001·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·R Ouseph, R A Ward
Feb 16, 2007·Nature·Christopher C StriemerPhilippe M Fauchet
Sep 10, 2008·Nature Clinical Practice. Nephrology·Claudio RoncoVictor Gura
May 19, 2009·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·Robert J X ZawadaShu-Gui Huang
Nov 5, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Jonathan Himmelfarb, T Alp Ikizler
Feb 23, 2011·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·D Z FangP M Fauchet
Oct 14, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Robert N FoleyAllan J Collins
Nov 12, 2013·Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease·Dean G JohnsonJames L McGrath
Mar 30, 2018·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Charalampos LoutradisCarmine Zoccali
Dec 20, 2018·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Adrien MossuBritta Engelhardt

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
chips
chip

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Conference Proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
Dean G JohnsonJames L McGrath
American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
Yelena SlininTimothy J Wilt
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved