Frequencies of the pyrethroid resistance alleles of Vssc1 and CYP6D1 in house flies from the eastern United States

Insect Molecular Biology
Frank D RinkevichJ G Scott

Abstract

House flies were collected from four dairies in Maine, New York, North Carolina, and Florida, where high levels of resistance to permethrin have been documented. Regions of two genes, CYP6D1 and Vssc1, having alleles that confer resistance to permethrin (and other pyrethroids) were analysed from individuals at each collection site. The combinations of resistance alleles for Vssc1 and CYP6D1 were highly variable between each state. The resistance allele CYP6D1v1 was found at a high frequency (0.63-0.91) at all sites. Individuals homozygous susceptible for CYP6D1 were very rare and detected only at the dairy in Maine. In addition to the typical Vssc1 mutation responsible for resistance, kdr (L1014F), we also identified individuals with a L1014H mutation. Although house flies homozygous for the L1014H mutation had a lower level of resistance to permethrin, compared to L1014F, the H1014 resistance allele was frequently detected. No individuals with the super-kdr allele (M918T + L1014F) were detected from the field collections. The intron 3 bp downstream of the kdr mutation was found to be extremely variable, providing an opportunity to reconstruct a phylogeny of Vssc1 alleles. Based on this analysis it appears the kdr-his mutation ...Continue Reading

References

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Feb 25, 1998·Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·T J SmithD M Soderlund
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Feb 12, 2005·Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·James A AnsteadIan Denholm

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Citations

Jan 4, 2013·PloS One·Frank D RinkevichJeffrey G Scott
Sep 11, 2013·Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology·Frank D RinkevichKe Dong
Jun 7, 2011·Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Mark J BurtonMartin S Williamson
May 23, 2007·Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Frank D RinkevichJeffrey G Scott
Sep 17, 2009·Pest Management Science·Aaron J GassmannBarry R Pittendrigh
Dec 2, 2011·Journal of Vector Ecology : Journal of the Society for Vector Ecology·Vatan TaşkınBelgin Göçmen Taşkin
May 20, 2015·Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology·Jeffrey G ScottShinji Kasai
Jun 1, 2016·Pest Management Science·Jeffrey G Scott
Jun 22, 2017·Insect Science·Ruchir MishraAshfaq A Sial
Nov 20, 2018·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Letícia B SmithJeffrey G Scott
Jun 19, 2008·Pest Management Science·Tg Emyr DaviesMartin S Williamson
Apr 18, 2020·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Yinjun FanJeffrey G Scott
Oct 3, 2018·Journal of Economic Entomology·Daisuke HanaiJeffrey G Scott

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