From birth till death: neurogenesis, cell cycle, and neurodegeneration

The Anatomical Record : Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology
Ozlem DemirIsil Aksan Kurnaz

Abstract

Neurogenesis in the embryo involves many signaling pathways and transcriptional programs and an elaborate orchestration of cell cycle exit in differentiating precursors. However, while the neurons differentiate into a plethora of different subtypes and different identities, they also presume a highly polar structure with a particular morphology of the cytoskeleton, thereby making it almost impossible for any differentiated cell to re-enter the cell cycle. It has been observed that dysregulated or forced cell cycle reentry is closely linked to neurodegeneration and apoptosis in neurons, most likely through changes in the neurocytoskeleton. However, proliferative cells still exist within the nervous system, and adult neural stem cells (NSCs) have been identified in the Central Nervous System (CNS) in the past decade, raising a great stir in the neuroscience community. NSCs present a new therapeutic potential, and much effort has since gone into understanding the molecular mechanisms driving differentiation of specific neuronal lineages, such as dopaminergic neurons, for use in regenerative medicine, either through transplanted NSCs or manipulation of existing ones. Nevertheless, differentiation and proliferation are two sides of ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 18, 2013·Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : MN·Hongcai WangTao Wang
Jan 26, 2012·Lasers in Surgery and Medicine·Qiuhe WuMichael R Hamblin
Nov 28, 2009·The Anatomical Record : Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology·Roland Pochet, Jean-Pierre Timmermans
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Apr 16, 2019·Journal of Neuroscience Research·Myrna A R Dent, Armando Aranda-Anzaldo
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Dec 22, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Haena MoonHyunju Chung
Jul 13, 2016·Journal of Neuroscience Research·Armando Aranda-Anzaldo, Myrna A R Dent

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