From migraine genes to mechanisms

Pain
Else A TolnerArn M J M van den Maagdenberg

Abstract

Migraine is a common multifactorial episodic brain disorder with strong genetic basis. Monogenic subtypes include rare familial hemiplegic migraine, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, familial advanced sleep-phase syndrome (FASPS), and retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukodystrophy. Functional studies of disease-causing mutations in cellular and/or transgenic models revealed enhanced (glutamatergic) neurotransmission and abnormal vascular function as key migraine mechanisms. Common forms of migraine (both with and without an aura), instead, are thought to have a polygenic makeup. Genome-wide association studies have already identified over a dozen genes involved in neuronal and vascular mechanisms. Here, we review the current state of molecular genetic research in migraine, also with respect to functional and pathway analyses. We will also discuss how novel experimental approaches for the identification and functional characterization of migraine genes, such as next-generation sequencing, induced pluripotent stem cell, and optogenetic technologies will further our understanding of the molecular pathways involved in migraine pathogenesis.

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Citations

May 6, 2016·Frontiers in Immunology·Andrea I LoewendorfMike Harrington
Jul 18, 2016·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Claudia F GaspariniLyn R Griffiths
Jul 6, 2016·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Simona PellacaniFilippo M Santorelli
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Jun 1, 2018·Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache·Carolina Christina Burgos-VegaGreg Dussor
Jul 13, 2017·Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache·Danielle M LaPagliaAndrew J Mannes
Dec 10, 2015·Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache·Heather Angus-Leppan, Roberto J Guiloff
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