From the magic bullet to the magic target: exploiting the diverse roles of DDX3X in viral infections and tumorigenesis

Future Medicinal Chemistry
Valentina Riva, Giovanni Maga

Abstract

DDX3X is an ATPase/RNA helicase of the DEAD-box family and one of the most multifaceted helicases known up to date, acting in RNA metabolism, cell cycle control, apoptosis, stress response and innate immunity. Depending on the virus or the viral cycle stage, DDX3X can act either in a proviral fashion or as an antiviral factor. Similarly, in different cancer types, it can act either as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor gene. Accumulating evidence indicated that DDX3X can be considered a promising target for anticancer and antiviral chemotherapy, but also that its exploitation requires a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying its dual role in cancer and viral infections. In this Review, we will summarize the known roles of DDX3X in different tumor types and viral infections, and the different inhibitors available, illustrating the possible advantages and potential caveats of their use as anticancer and antiviral drugs.

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Citations

Feb 28, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Marina K KukhanovaAlexander V Ivanov
Sep 10, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Bartolo BonoGiovanni Maga
Dec 11, 2020·Antiviral Research·Paul T WinnardVenu Raman
Jul 13, 2021·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Mengqi GuanBaojin Yao
Jul 3, 2021·Microorganisms·Tomás Hernández-DíazRicardo Soto-Rifo
Aug 14, 2020·Journal of Medicinal Chemistry·Valentina RivaGiovanni Maga
Oct 14, 2020·Biochemical Pharmacology·B Celia CuiMichael Shtutman

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear translocation
xenograft

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT01806259

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