Frontal cortex leads other brain structures in generalised spike-and-wave spindles and seizure spikes induced by picrotoxin

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
A MedvedevJ O Willoughby

Abstract

Generaliszed spike-and-wave (SW) spindles (5-7 Hz) associated with myoclonic jerks precede the occurrence of regular spikes (2-3 Hz) associated with convulsive seizure induced by picrotoxin. SW spindles occur spontaneously in rodent and cat under some experimental conditions and are considered to be models of human generalised epilepsy. These spindles have been proposed as being led by a thalamic pacemaker. To examine this possibility in picrotoxin-induced SW spindles and seizure spikes, we recorded EEG using chronically implant unipolar electrodes during intravenous picrotoxin infusion in freely behaving rat. The 6 EEG signals were digitally sampled at 1000 Hz. Linear correlation, spectral, coherence and phase analyses were undertaken to determine time differences (TDs) between EEG channels and the brain structure leading seizure activity. One frontal cortex led all other structures during SW spindles. TD between SW spindles in the leading frontal cortex (Fr1) and the contralateral Fr1 was 3.6 + / - 0.5 msec. All ipsilateral structures (hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala, caudate nucleus and occipital cortex) were delayed by more than 3 msec from Fr1 (intralaminar thalamic nuclei - by 6.3 + / - 0.9 msec). TDs of SW spindles betwe...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 12, 2001·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·F PanzicaC A Tassinari
Apr 17, 2002·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·L MackenzieJ O Willoughby
Mar 21, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S DuportL Stoppini
Dec 18, 2002·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·J O WilloughbyR A Wilcox
Jun 18, 1999·The International Journal of Neuroscience·A Medvedev, J O Willoughby
Mar 4, 2008·Neuroscience Letters·Elena V OrekhovaMikael Elam
Apr 15, 2004·Brain Research·Lorraine MackenzieJohn Osborne Willoughby
Dec 18, 2001·Journal of Neuroscience Research·J J HiscockJ O Willoughby
Feb 1, 2005·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Karthik Rajasekaran

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