Fructose contributes to the Warburg effect for cancer growth.

Cancer & Metabolism
Takahiko NakagawaRichard J Johnson

Abstract

Obesity and metabolic syndrome are strongly associated with cancer, and these disorders may share a common mechanism. Recently, fructose has emerged as a driving force to develop obesity and metabolic syndrome. Thus, we assume that fructose may be the mechanism to explain why obesity and metabolic syndrome are linked with cancer. Clinical and experimental evidence showed that fructose intake was associated with cancer growth and that fructose transporters are upregulated in various malignant tumors. Interestingly, fructose metabolism can be driven under low oxygen conditions, accelerates glucose utilization, and exhibits distinct effects as compared to glucose, including production of uric acid and lactate as major byproducts. Fructose promotes the Warburg effect to preferentially downregulate mitochondrial respiration and increases aerobic glycolysis that may aid metastases that initially have low oxygen supply. In the process, uric acid may facilitate carcinogenesis by inhibiting the TCA cycle, stimulating cell proliferation by mitochondrial ROS, and blocking fatty acid oxidation. Lactate may also contribute to cancer growth by suppressing fat oxidation and inducing oncogene expression. The ability of fructose metabolism to d...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 8, 2020·Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience·Richard J JohnsonMiguel A Lanaspa
Dec 12, 2020·Cells·Nils Krause, Andre Wegner
Feb 24, 2021·Nature Communications·Nicholas JonesCatherine A Thornton
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Pablo MurielErika Ramos-Tovar
Jul 31, 2021·Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao·Hongfei JiangZhimin Lu
Sep 17, 2021·Cancer & Metabolism·Mehdi A FiniRichard J Johnson
Oct 8, 2021·Cell Metabolism·Mark A Febbraio, Michael Karin

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsies

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