Full regeneration of segmental bone defects using porous titanium implants loaded with BMP-2 containing fibrin gels

European Cells & Materials
J van der StokH Jahr

Abstract

Regeneration of load-bearing segmental bone defects is a major challenge in trauma and orthopaedic surgery. The ideal bone graft substitute is a biomaterial that provides immediate mechanical stability, while stimulating bone regeneration to completely bridge defects over a short period. Therefore, selective laser melted porous titanium, designed and fine-tuned to tolerate full load-bearing, was filled with a physiologically concentrated fibrin gel loaded with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). This biomaterial was used to graft critical-sized segmental femoral bone defects in rats. As a control, porous titanium implants were either left empty or filled with a fibrin gels without BMP-2. We evaluated bone regeneration, bone quality and mechanical strength of grafted femora using in vivo and ex vivo µCT scanning, histology, and torsion testing. This biomaterial completely regenerated and bridged the critical-sized bone defects within eight weeks. After twelve weeks, femora were anatomically re-shaped and revealed open medullary cavities. More importantly, new bone was formed throughout the entire porous titanium implants and grafted femora regained more than their innate mechanical stability: torsional strength exceeded twice ...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 28, 2018·Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine·Sadra Bakhshandeh, Saber Amin Yavari
Sep 16, 2016·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Amir A Zadpoor, Jos Malda
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Nov 9, 2019·Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine·Amir A Zadpoor
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Apr 1, 2021·The Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume·Nazlı TümerAmir A Zadpoor
Nov 11, 2019·ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering·Mahdiyeh Nouri-GoushkiAmir A Zadpoor

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