Function and Dynamics of Tetraspanins during Antigen Recognition and Immunological Synapse Formation

Frontiers in Immunology
Vera Rocha-PeruginiGloria Martínez Del Hoyo

Abstract

Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) are specialized membrane platforms driven by protein-protein interactions that integrate membrane receptors and adhesion molecules. Tetraspanins participate in antigen recognition and presentation by antigen--presenting cells (APCs) through the organization of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and their downstream-induced signaling, as well as the regulation of MHC-II-peptide trafficking. T lymphocyte activation is triggered upon specific recognition of antigens present on the APC surface during immunological synapse (IS) formation. This dynamic process is characterized by a defined spatial organization involving the compartmentalization of receptors and adhesion molecules in specialized membrane domains that are connected to the underlying cytoskeleton and signaling molecules. Tetraspanins contribute to the spatial organization and maturation of the IS by controlling receptor clustering and local accumulation of adhesion receptors and integrins, their downstream signaling, and linkage to the actin cytoskeleton. This review offers a perspective on the important role of TEMs in the regulation of antigen recognition and presentation and in the dynamics of IS architectural organization.

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Citations

May 24, 2017·Molecular and Cellular Biology·Vera Rocha-PeruginiFrancisco Sánchez-Madrid
Aug 14, 2019·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Nida S KhanJatin M Vyas
Jun 8, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Maria Laura SaizFrancisco Sánchez-Madrid
Aug 22, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Henar SuárezMaría Yáñez-Mó
Jun 26, 2020·Physiological Reviews·Paul J DavisHung-Yun Lin
Dec 20, 2018·Cancer Immunology Research·Dalal S AldeghaitherLouis M Weiner
May 11, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Waqas AhmedHameeda Sultana
Sep 27, 2020·Scientific Reports·Mildred D PerezOlaf Kutsch

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
super-resolution microscopy
imaging techniques
scanning optical microscopy
GTPase
GTPases

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