Functional analysis of RIP toxins from the Drosophila endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii.

BMC Microbiology
Mario Gonzalo Garcia-ArraezBruno Lemaitre

Abstract

Insects frequently live in close relationship with symbiotic bacteria that carry out beneficial functions for their host, like protection against parasites and viruses. However, in some cases, the mutualistic nature of such associations is put into question because of detrimental phenotypes caused by the symbiont. One example is the association between the vertically transmitted facultative endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii and its natural host Drosophila melanogaster. Whereas S. poulsonii protects its host against parasitoid wasps and nematodes by the action of toxins from the family of Ribosome Inactivating Proteins (RIPs), the presence of S. poulsonii has been reported to reduce host's life span and to kill male embryos by a toxin called Spaid. In this work, we investigate the harmful effects of Spiroplasma RIPs on Drosophila in the absence of parasite infection. We show that only two Spiroplasma RIPs (SpRIP1 and SpRIP2) among the five RIP genes encoded in the S. poulsonii genome are significantly expressed during the whole Drosophila life cycle. Heterologous expression of SpRIP1 and 2 in uninfected flies confirms their toxicity, as indicated by a reduction of Drosophila lifespan and hemocyte number. We also show that RIPs ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 22, 2019·Scientific Reports·Mariana MateosJames W Erickson
Mar 21, 2020·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Jack Ho WongLixin Xia
Mar 16, 2021·PeerJ·Victor Manuel Higareda AlvearEsperanza Martinez-Romero
Jul 14, 2021·Trends in Microbiology·Jonathan H Massey, Irene L G Newton
Oct 19, 2021·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Tom HillJessamyn I Perlmutter

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
RIPs
RIP
transgenic

Software Mentioned

Geneious
GraphPad Prism

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