Functional characterization of heptad repeat 1 and 2 mutants of the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

Journal of Virology
Woan-Eng ChanSteve S-L Chen

Abstract

To understand the roles of heptad repeat 1(HR1) and HR2 of the spike (S) protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in virus-cell interactions, the conserved Leu or Ile residues located at positions 913, 927, 941, and 955 in HR1 and 1151, 1165, and 1179 in HR2 were individually replaced with an alpha-helix-breaker Pro residue. The 913P mutant was expressed mainly as a faster-migrating, lower-molecular-weight S(L) form, while the wild type and all other mutants produced similar levels of both the S(L) form and the slower-migrating, higher-molecular-weight S(H) form. The wild-type S(L) form was processed to the S(H) form, whereas the S(L) form of the 913P mutant was inefficiently converted to the S(H) form after biosynthesis. None of these mutations affected cell surface expression or binding to its cognate ACE2 receptor. In a human immunodeficiency virus type 1/SARS S coexpression study, all mutants except the 913P mutant incorporated the S(H) form into the virions as effectively as did the wild-type S(H) form. The mutation at Ile-1151 did not affect membrane fusion or viral entry. The impaired viral entry of the 927P, 941P, 955P, and 1165P mutants was due to their inability to mediate membrane fusio...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1995·The Journal of Cell Biology·D J OpsteltenP J Rottier
Dec 1, 1995·Nature Structural Biology·M LuP S Kim
Jan 1, 1996·Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology·L D HernandezJ M White
May 22, 1997·Nature·W WeissenhornD C Wiley
Jun 10, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·W WeissenhornD C Wiley
Nov 14, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·K TanM Lu
Aug 26, 1998·The EMBO Journal·M CaffreyG M Clore
Dec 5, 1998·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·H GaroffD J Opstelten
Aug 31, 2000·Annual Review of Biochemistry·J J Skehel, D C Wiley
May 8, 2001·Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure·G D Van Duyne
Jun 8, 2001·Annual Review of Biochemistry·D M Eckert, P S Kim
May 6, 2003·Science·Marco A MarraRachel L Roper
Dec 4, 2003·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Xiaodong XiaoDimiter S Dimitrov
Dec 13, 2003·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Swee Kee WongMichael Farzan
Jan 31, 2004·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Mau-Sun ChangYuh-Cheng Yang
Feb 26, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jianhua SuiWayne A Marasco
Mar 5, 2004·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Brian TripetRobert S Hodges
Mar 11, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Graham SimmonsPaul Bates
Apr 21, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Himani BishtBernard Moss
May 20, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Berend Jan BoschPeter J M Rottier
May 27, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Paolo IngallinellaAntonello Pessi
Jun 9, 2004·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Kehu YuanHongkui Deng
Aug 5, 2004·Nutrition Reviews·Claudine H Kos
Aug 17, 2004·Journal of Virology·Tsanan GiroglouDorothee von Laer
Sep 4, 2004·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Yanhui XuZihe Rao

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 21, 2012·Viruses·Sandrine BelouzardGary R Whittaker
Nov 29, 2007·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Feng ZhouYi Li
Jun 12, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ayal B GussowEugene V Koonin
Feb 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Nicholas A Wong, Milton H Saier

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.