Functional roles of the major chloroplast lipids in the violaxanthin cycle

Planta
Harry Y Yamamoto

Abstract

Monogalactosyldiacylglyceride (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglyceride (DGDG) are the major membrane lipids of chloroplasts. The question of the specialized functions of these unique lipids has received limited attention. One function is to support violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) activity, an enzyme of the violaxanthin cycle. To understand better the properties of this system, the effects of galactolipids and phosphatidylcholines on VDE activity were examined by two independent methods. The results show that the micelle-forming lipid (MGDG) and bilayer forming lipids (DGDG and phosphatidylcholines) support VDE activity differently. MGDG supported rapid and complete de-epoxidation starting at a threshold lipid concentration (10 microM) coincident with complete solubilization of violaxanthin. In contrast, DGDG supported slow but nevertheless complete to nearly complete de-epoxidation at a lower lipid concentration (6.7 microM) that did not completely solubilize violaxanthin. Phosphotidylcholines showed similar effects as DGDG except that de-epoxidation was incomplete. Since VDE requires solubilized violaxanthin, aggregated violaxanthin in DGDG at low concentration must become solubilized as de-epoxidation proceeds. High lipid conce...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 15, 2007·Photosynthesis Research·Maryse A BlockNorbert Rolland
May 15, 2012·The Arabidopsis Book·M Águila Ruiz-Sola, Manuel Rodríguez-Concepción
Jul 22, 2008·Chemistry and Physics of Lipids·Barbara Gzyl-MalcherMaria Paluch
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May 17, 2011·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Naoki Mizusawa, Hajime Wada
May 20, 2020·Frontiers in Plant Science·Reimund Goss, Dariusz Latowski

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