Fungal metabolism of 2-nitrofluorene

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
J V PothuluriC E Cerniglia

Abstract

Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs) are direct-acting mutagens and carcinogens that are considered a risk to human health. We investigated the metabolism of 2-nitrofluorene by the fungus Cunninghamella elegans ATCC 36112. At 144 h of incubation, C. elegans had metabolized about 81% of the [9-14C]-2-nitrofluorene, resulting in 6 metabolites. The major metabolites were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and identified by 1H NMR, ultraviolet (UV)-visible, and mass spectral analyses as 2-nitro-9-fluorenol, 2-nitro-9-fluorenone, 6-hydroxy-2-nitrofluorene, and sulfate conjugates of 7-hydroxy-2-nitro-9-fluorenone and 7-hydroxy-2-nitrofluorene. 2-Nitro-9-fluorenol accounted for about 62% of the total metabolism. For comparison with the microbial system, experiments with liver microsomes of rats pretreated with 3-methyl-cholanthrene were conducted. Microsomal incubations indicated formation of phenolic and ring-hydroxylated products of 2-nitrofluorene. 2-Nitrofluorene and hydroxylated metabolites have been previously implicated as direct-acting mutagens in bacterial assays and have shown sister chromatid exchanges in vivo in bone marrow cells and in vitro in ovary cells and unscheduled ...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 3, 2009·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Solimabi Wahidulla, Yeziel Rani Rajamanickam
Oct 11, 2003·Biotechnology Advances·A L Demain
Jan 27, 2016·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Aleksandra FelczakKatarzyna Lisowska
Sep 9, 2008·Biotechnology Advances·Sepuri Asha, Maravajhala Vidyavathi
Aug 4, 1998·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·J V PothuluriC E Cerniglia

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