Fur - Dam Regulatory Interplay at An Internal Promoter of the Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Type VI Secretion sci1 Gene Cluster

Journal of Bacteriology
Yannick R BrunetEric Cascales

Abstract

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a weapon widespread in Gram-negative bacteria that delivers effectors into target cells. The T6SS is a highly versatile machine as it can target both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, and it has been proposed that T6SS are adapted to the specific needs of each bacterium. The expression of T6SS gene clusters and the activation of the secretion apparatus are therefore tightly controlled. In enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), the sci1 T6SS gene cluster is subjected to a complex regulation involving both the ferric uptake regulator Fur and Dam-dependent DNA methylation. In this study, an additional, internal, promoter was identified within the sci1 gene cluster using +1 transcriptional mapping. Further analyses demonstrated that this internal promoter is controlled by a mechanism strictly identical to that of the main promoter. The Fur binding box overlaps with the -10 transcriptional element and a Dam methylation site, GATC-32. Hence, the expression of the distal sci1 genes is repressed and the GATC-32 site is protected from methylation in iron-rich conditions. The Fur-dependent protection of GATC-32 was confirmed by in vitro methylation assay. In addition, the methylation of GATC-32 ...Continue Reading

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