PMID: 2487636Jan 1, 1989Paper

Fused binocular vision is required for development of proper eye alignment in barn owls

Visual Neuroscience
E I Knudsen

Abstract

The eyes of adult barn owls (Tyto alba) are virtually fixed in the head in positions that are highly consistent from one individual to the next. However, early in development the eyes are exodeviated; the eyes achieve their adult positions during the owl's second month of life. Disruption of binocular vision in baby owls leads to permanent, highly abnormal eye positions and interocular alignment. Of three owls raised with both eyelids sutured closed, two developed exotropic strabismus and one developed esotropic strabismus. Two owls reared with monocular vision developed esotropic strabismus, whereas three owls reared with fused, but optically deviated binocular vision developed normal eye positions. Thus, the alignment of the eyes in adults results from an active process that depends on fused binocular vision during early life. Extracellular microelectrode recordings from the optic tecta of strabismic owls reveal that many units retain binocular inputs from corresponding points of the two eyes: the left-eye and right-eye receptive fields of individual units are misaligned by an amount predicted by the direction and magnitude of the strabismus. These results indicate that an innately determined pattern of connections in the bra...Continue Reading

References

Apr 26, 1977·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·P Rakic
Jun 4, 1979·Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character·J D Pettigrew
Mar 1, 1979·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·M L Cooper, J D Pettigrew
Jan 1, 1973·Neuropsychologia·J R Lackner
Apr 1, 1973·Vision Research·M J Steinbach, K E Money
Feb 25, 1972·Brain Research·S M Sherman

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 15, 1991·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S du Lac, E I Knudsen
May 28, 2013·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Lihan Chen, Jean Vroomen
Apr 20, 2012·PloS One·Gaurav BhardwajDamian B van Rossum
Nov 12, 1998·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·I J WangP T Hung
Feb 17, 2010·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Carolin GallBernhard A Sabel
Mar 27, 2003·Animal Cognition·Robert F van der WilligenHermann Wagner
Feb 24, 2012·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Fabien PichonEgbert Welker
May 11, 2000·Journal of Neurophysiology·A Nieder, H Wagner

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
S du Lac, E I Knudsen
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
E I Knudsen
Archives italiennes de biologie
M Di Stefano, C Gargini
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved