G-Quadruplexes Are Present in Human Coronaviruses Including SARS-CoV-2

Frontiers in Microbiology
Haoran Cui, Leiliang Zhang

Abstract

The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is one of seven human coronaviruses. G-quadruplexes are intrinsic obstacles to genome replication. Whether G-quadruplexes are present in human coronaviruses is unknown. In the current study, we have predicted that all seven human coronaviruses harbor G-quadruplex sequences. Conserved G-quadruplex sequences in SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed and verified by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and Thioflavin T fluorescence assay. Similar to SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 encodes an nsP3 protein, which is predicted to associate with G-quadruplexes. Targeting G-quadruplex sequences in the SARS-CoV-2 genome by G-quadruplex ligands could be a new way to conquer COVID-19.

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Citations

Jan 29, 2021·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. General Subjects·Nitu Kumari, Sathees C Raghavan
Dec 29, 2020·Biochemical Society Transactions·Ilaria Manfredonia, Danny Incarnato
Mar 28, 2021·Nucleic Acids Research·Kaixin LyuChun Kit Kwok
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Georgina BezziPablo Armas
Mar 11, 2021·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Mehmet Altay UnalKamil Can Akcali
Jun 9, 2021·PloS One·Efres Belmonte-RecheManuel Bañobre-López
Jun 25, 2021·Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Shruti MishraH S Misra
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Maria TomaszewskaRyszard Kierzek

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Fluorescence
PCR
electrophoresis
transfection
fluorescence assay
Circular dichroism
biosensor
helicase assay

Software Mentioned

SUD
Fasta
Quadbase2
MEGA
chimera
QGRS mapper
R package DECIPHER

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