Gallic acid: Pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms involved in inflammation-related diseases.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie
Jinrong BaiXianli Meng

Abstract

Gallic acid (GA), also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, is a natural secondary metabolite and widely isolated from various fruits, plants and nuts. In recent years, GA has received increasing attention for its powerful anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this review is to clearly illuminate the pharmacological activities and related molecular mechanisms of GA in inflammatory diseases. After consulting a large number of literatures, we made a comprehensive exposition on the chemical characteristics, plant origins, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of GA, especially its pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action. Although the plant source of GA is very rich, its lower extraction rate limits the application of GA in development. It is worth mentioning that GA can not only be separated from many plants, but also be produced in large quantities through biological and chemical synthesis. According to pharmacokinetic studies, the absorption and elimination of GA after oral administration are fast, while the structural optimization or dosage form adjustment of GA is beneficial to increase its bioavailability. Promisingly, toxicity studies have shown that GA scarcely has obvious toxicity or side effects in a variety ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 22, 2021·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Shahid Ali RajputHui-Chao Yan
Jun 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Sun Young MoonCheol Hwangbo
Jun 7, 2021·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Fei RanLi Han
Jul 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Shaoyun WangZhiguo Yu
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Shiyao ZhangSiyu Chen
Jul 31, 2021·Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection = Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi·Tien-Huang LinChing-Ting Lin

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