gamma Interferon gene expression and release in human lymphocytes directly activated by Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans.

Infection and Immunity
S M Levitz, E A North

Abstract

Previous studies in our laboratory and others have demonstrated that T and/or NK cells can directly bind to and inhibit the growth of the medically important fungal pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans by apparently non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted mechanisms. Here, we examined whether this direct interaction between lymphocytes and fungi also results in cytokine gene expression and release. Nonadherent lymphocytes (NAL), isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by depletion of cells adherent to plastic and nylon wool, released gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), but not interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10, following stimulation with C. neoformans yeast cells and C. albicans yeast cells, hyphae, and supernatants. The fungal stimuli also induced IFN-gamma mRNA, with peak gene expression seen at or after 18 h. IFN-gamma release was still seen even when either NK cells or T lymphocytes were depleted by negative selection, suggesting that both cell types can be stimulated by fungi to produce IFN-gamma. Release of IFN-gamma from fungus-stimulated NAL occurred in the absence of an intact complement system and was not especially enhanced by culture with IL-2 or IL-12. These data expand the mechanism...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 29, 2011·Medical Microbiology and Immunology·Tanja BreinigAndreas Meyerhans
Jul 1, 1997·Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology : Bi-monthly Publication of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology·S M Levitz, E A North
Oct 12, 2011·Immunological Investigations·Michael S Price, John R Perfect
Feb 21, 2003·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Taku KambayashiPeter E Jensen
Oct 22, 2005·Infection and Immunity·Chantal A A van der GraafBart Jan Kullberg
Dec 4, 2012·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Michelle N KellyJudd E Shellito
Apr 19, 2008·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Denise Devore-CarterMargaret K Hostetter
Jan 24, 2007·Microbiology and Immunology·Diego Luís CostaAngela Maria Victoriano de Campos Soares
Aug 1, 1997·Current Opinion in Immunology·L Romani

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