PMID: 8614085May 1, 1996Paper

Gang warfare: the medical repercussions

The Journal of Trauma
D H SongF Bongard

Abstract

Gang related violence in Los Angeles County has increased, with homicides increasing from 205 in 1982 to 803 in 1992. This study examines the medical and financial consequences of such violence on a level I trauma center. Of 856 gunshot injuries over a 29-month period, 272 were gang related. There were 55 pediatric and 217 adult patients. Eighty-nine percent were male and 11% were female. Trauma Score averaged 14.7 +/- 3.1, Glasgow Coma Scale average score was 13.7 +/- 3.4, and the mean Injury Severity Score was 10.8 +/- 14. Twenty-two percent of the gunshots were to the head and neck, 20% to the chest, 20% to the abdomen, 6% had a peripheral vascular injury, and 33% sustained an extremity musculoskeletal injury. Emergency surgery was performed on 43%, including laparotomy 58 (49%), craniotomy 16 (13%), laparoscopy 14 (12%), vascular procedures 10 (8%), orthopedic procedures 6 (5%), head and neck endoscopies 4 (3%), thoracotomies 2 (2%), and 10 (8%) unspecified. There were 25 deaths (9%), primarily caused by head injuries and exsanguinating hemorrhage. Eighty-six percent entered the hospital during the hours of minimal staffing that preempted the use of facilities for other emergent patients. Charges totaled $4,828,828 (emergen...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 29, 2008·Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine·Rhonda Jones-Webb, Melanie Wall
May 6, 1998·Pediatric Clinics of North America·H Hennes
Aug 26, 2000·The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine·C R McLaughlinA S Gervin
Jan 22, 2008·Substance Use & Misuse·Rhonda Jones-WebbAlexander Wagenaar
Sep 2, 2005·Brain Injury : [BI]·H E AryanM L Levy
Jul 26, 2005·Health Policy·Hugh Richard WatersAlexander Butchart
Jul 13, 2001·American Journal of Surgery·G LunaR Thorn
Aug 30, 2012·The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery·Samuel C SchecterGregory P Victorino

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