Gangliosides in Axon Stability and Regeneration

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
Pablo H H Lopez, Bárbara Beatriz Báez

Abstract

Gangliosides are a family of sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids highly expressed in the nervous system of vertebrates. Over the last 25years, research has unmasked several of their neurobiological functions but the role of gangliosides in the nervous system remains not fully elucidated. Genetic disruption of genes for key enzymes involved in ganglioside biosynthesis led to the discovery of their diverse functions and highlighted the exquisite structural specificity required in this processes. In the nervous system, gangliosides regulate axonal caliber and organize ion channels at the nodes of Ranvier, a critical step to ensure fast conduction velocity of myelinated fibers. They also act as receptors for lectins located on apposing myelin membranes critical to maintain axon-glia interactions that result in cytoskeleton stabilization. After a lesion, gangliosides acting as receptors for glial-derived molecules present in the extracellular milieu can halt axon regeneration. Similarly, antiganglioside antibodies present in autoimmune neurological conditions can mimic this inhibitory effect on nerve repair. Studying the molecular details of the molecular interaction of gangliosides in trans with ligands present on apposing ce...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 8, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Péter SánthaGábor Jancsó
Jun 4, 2020·Marine Drugs·Adrian Florian BălașaAlexandru Mihai Grumezescu
Sep 2, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Andrés Felipe LealAngela Johana Espejo-Mojica
Dec 24, 2019·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Johannes M F G AertsR G Boot
Oct 30, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Simonetta SipioneVaibhavi Kadam
Feb 26, 2020·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Bernard PoulainMichel R Popoff
Apr 20, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Punam Rawal, Liqin Zhao
Oct 31, 2021·International Journal of Obesity : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·Ilse A C ArnoldussenAmanda J Kiliaan

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