Gangliosides in Membrane Organization

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
Sandro SonninoAlessandro Prinetti

Abstract

Since the structure of GM1 was elucidated 55years ago, researchers have been attracted by the sialylated glycans of gangliosides. Gangliosides head groups, protruding toward the extracellular space, significantly contribute to the cell glycocalyx; and in certain cells, such as neurons, are major determinants of the features of the cell surface. Expression of glycosyltransferases involved in the de novo biosynthesis of gangliosides is tightly regulated along cell differentiation and activation, and is regarded as the main metabolic mechanism responsible for the acquisition of cell-specific ganglioside patterns. The resulting sialooligosaccharides are characterized by a high degree of geometrical complexity and by highly dynamic properties, which seem to be functional for complex interactions with other molecules sitting on the same cellular membrane (cis-interactions) or soluble molecules present in the extracellular environment, or molecules associated with the surface of other cells (trans-interactions). There is no doubt that the multifaceted biological functions of gangliosides are largely dependent on oligosaccharide-mediated molecular interactions. However, gangliosides are amphipathic membrane lipids, and their chemicophy...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 1, 2020·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Jorge MontesinosEstela Area-Gomez
Apr 25, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Norihiko SasakiMasashi Toyoda
Feb 6, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Elena ChiricozziLaura Mauri
Sep 24, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Alex E RyckmanJagdeep S Walia
Mar 27, 2019·Molecular Neurobiology·Elena ChiricozziSandro Sonnino
Mar 15, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Koichi FurukawaKeiko Furukawa
Sep 2, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Andrés Felipe LealAngela Johana Espejo-Mojica
Dec 22, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Norihiko Sasaki, Masashi Toyoda
Dec 20, 2019·Scientific Reports·Elena ChiricozziSandro Sonnino
Sep 19, 2019·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Meiying AoYong Chen
Oct 30, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Simonetta SipioneVaibhavi Kadam
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Norihiko SasakiToshiyuki Ishiwata
Jun 22, 2021·Expert Review of Vaccines·Mary-Peyton A KnappSergio Arce
Jan 7, 2020·Current Medicinal Chemistry·Konstantin Andreev
Aug 17, 2021·Glycoconjugate Journal·Elena Chiricozzi

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