Gangliosides in Nerve Cell Specification

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
Yutaka ItokazuRobert K Yu

Abstract

The central nervous system is generated from progenitor cells that are recognized as neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs are defined as undifferentiated neural cells that are characterized by the capacity for self-renewal and multipotency. Throughout neural development, NSCs undergo proliferation, migration, and cellular differentiation, and dynamic changes are observed in the composition of carbohydrate-rich molecules, including gangliosides. Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids with essential and multifaceted functions in brain development and NSC maintenance, which reflects the complexity of brain development. Our group has pioneered research on the importance of gangliosides for growth factor receptor signaling and epigenetic regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in NSCs. We found that GD3 is the predominant ganglioside species in NSCs (>80%) and modulates NSC proliferation by interacting with epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. In postnatal brain, GD3 is required for long-term maintenance of NSCs. Deficiency in GD3 leads to developmental and behavioral deficits, such as depression. The synthesis of GD3 is switched to the synthesis of complex, brain-type gangliosides, namely, GM1, GD1a, GD1b, and G...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 1, 2020·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Jorge MontesinosEstela Area-Gomez
Jul 31, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Cara-Lynne Schengrund
Mar 15, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Koichi FurukawaKeiko Furukawa
Jan 9, 2020·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Simone M CrivelliPilar Martinez-Martinez
Oct 30, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Simonetta SipioneVaibhavi Kadam
Mar 25, 2021·Current Protocols·Yuanyuan BaiXi Chen
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Rossella Indellicato, Marco Trinchera
Jun 11, 2021·Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·Yutaka ItokazuRobert K Yu

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