Gastrointestinal (GI) leiomyosarcoma (LMS) case series and review on diagnosis, management, and prognosis

Medical Oncology
Lara HilalAli Shamseddine

Abstract

This review of 76 gastrointestinal (GI) leiomyosarcoma (LMS) cases that include 11 cases from the American University of Beirut Medical Center represents, to our knowledge, the largest number of combined GI LMS cases reported. The age range of GI LMS is variable, and the presentation is non-specific, making pathological diagnosis essential. LMSs usually lack CD117 and CD 34 mutations and are usually positive for smooth muscle cell markers. The review highlights surgery as the mainstay of treatment with negative margins attained most of the times. Adjuvant chemotherapy is used in around 7-27 % of the cases mainly for small intestinal and colorectal LMS. The relatively small number of patients is a limitation on outcome analysis. However, LMS has a risk of recurrence reaching 39-80 % and secondary metastasis reaching 55-71 % in small intestinal and colorectal cases. In light of the high frequency of recurrence and metastasis, enrolling patients in clinical randomized trials to investigate the role of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy is required for better control of this rare aggressive GI tumor.

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Citations

Mar 19, 2019·Acta chirurgica Belgica·Stefanie DevriendtFilip Vanrykel
Jun 23, 2019·Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer·Rajat GargMohammed Barawi
Feb 26, 2019·Journal of Surgical Case Reports·Zdravko Štor, Jurij Hanžel
Sep 17, 2019·World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery·Mohammed O NassifNora H Trabulsi
Jan 27, 2021·International Journal of Surgery Case Reports·Shota FukaiKazuhiro Nishida
Feb 9, 2021·Radiologic Clinics of North America·John P LichtenbergerMaria A Manning
Jun 9, 2020·International Journal of Surgery Case Reports·Erica MazzottaGabriella T Capolupo
May 11, 2021·European Journal of Surgical Oncology : the Journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology·Alannah SmrkeMyles J Smith
Jul 24, 2021·Pathologica·Marta SbaragliaAngelo Paolo Dei Tos
Oct 2, 2020·GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology·Maria Pia Costa-SantosAlexandre Oliveira Ferreira

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