Gastrointestinal pathophysiology of SARS-CoV2 - a literature review.

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives
Anwaruddin SyedSonu Dhillon

Abstract

SARS-CoV2 is a novel coronavirus responsible for causing COVID-19, first identified in the city of Wuhan, China and officially declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. SARS-CoV2 expresses high affinity to human ACE2 receptors, including within the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with COVID-19 exhibit a wide spectrum of GI symptoms including anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and abnormal liver function tests. Pathogenesis behind gastrointestinal symptoms caused by SARS-CoV2 has been postulated to be multifactorial including disruption of the intestinal mechanical barrier integrity, alteration of the gut microbiome and systemic inflammatory response to the virus. SARS-CoV-2 RNA has also been found in stool samples of infected patients for a significantly longer period than in nasopharyngeal samples, though the implication of this finding is unclear at this time. Liver injury in patients with COVID-19 is usually mild, stemming from immune-mediated damage, drug induced hepatotoxicity, or ischemia from sepsis. Patients with pre-existing liver disease may be at a higher risk for hospitalization and mortality. Given the high degree of infectivity of this disease, healthcare providers will need to remain watchfu...Continue Reading

References

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Jan 26, 2020·BioRxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology·Yu ZhaoWei Zuo

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Citations

Mar 6, 2021·Current Allergy and Asthma Reports·Eric B Brandt, Tesfaye B Mersha
May 19, 2021·Journal of Evidence-based Medicine·Channa ZhaoHaifeng Pan
Jun 20, 2021·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Xue LiLinzhu Ren
Oct 14, 2021·Journal of Chemotherapy·M VitroneR Zampino

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
RNA-seq

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