Gemcitabine and radiosensitization in human tumor cells

Investigational New Drugs
D S Shewach, Theodore S Lawrence

Abstract

Gemcitabine is a nucleoside analogue with excellent clinical activity against solid tumors. Within the cell, gemcitabine is rapidly phosphorylated to its active di- and triphosphate metabolites. Cytotoxicity with gemcitabine appears to be related to multiple effects on DNA replication, where gemcitabine triphosphate can serve as both an inhibitor and substrate for DNA synthesis. Gemcitabine diphosphate inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, producing decreases in cellular dNTP pool levels in a cell-specific manner. These two major characteristics of gemcitabine, reduction in cellular dNTP pools and incorporation into DNA, are features of other antimetabolites antitumor agents which also exhibit radiosensitizing properties. Based on these favorable metabolic characteristics and the clinical activity of gemcitabine in tumor types which are commonly treated with radiation, the ability of gemcitabine to enhance X-radiation induced cytotoxicity was evaluated. Gemcitabine has been shown to be a potent radiosensitizer in a variety of tumor cell lines, including HT-29 colorectal carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, breast, non-small cell lung and head and neck cancer cell lines. Gemcitabine was most effective as a radiosensitizer when administere...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1992·Investigational New Drugs·E A PoplinL Baker
Mar 1, 1992·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·R GrunewaldW Plunkett
Mar 1, 1991·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·J L AbbruzzeseM N Raber
Dec 1, 1990·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·C E BrusoT S Lawrence
May 1, 1988·International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies in Physics, Chemistry, and Medicine·R OkayasuG Iliakis
May 1, 1987·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·T J KinsellaA J Fornace
Mar 1, 1985·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·T A RichJ T Chaffey
Nov 1, 1995·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·J CarmichaelA L Harris
Oct 19, 1994·Journal of the National Cancer Institute·B LundJ P Neijt
Aug 1, 1994·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·S B Kaye
Sep 1, 1994·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·H AndersonH H Hansen
Aug 17, 1993·Biochemical Pharmacology·V W Ruiz van HaperenG J Peters
Jan 1, 1993·Cancer Treatment Reviews·B LundH H Hansen
Mar 1, 1996·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·T S LawrenceD S Shewach

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 25, 2003·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·Bea PauwelsFilip Lardon
Dec 10, 1999·Seminars in Oncology Nursing·C F Dunne-Daly
Mar 26, 2003·European Journal of Cancer : Official Journal for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) [and] European Association for Cancer Research (EACR)·B PauwelsJ B Vermorken
Oct 3, 1999·European Journal of Cancer : Official Journal for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) [and] European Association for Cancer Research (EACR)·C TolisG Giaccone
Jul 20, 2002·Drug Resistance Updates : Reviews and Commentaries in Antimicrobial and Anticancer Chemotherapy·Andries M BergmanGodefridus J Peters
Feb 22, 2012·European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery·Jana Van ThielenPaul Van Schil
Jan 30, 2009·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·P A DominguezB E Kitchell
May 20, 1999·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology·D G Johnson, C L Walker
Mar 6, 2010·The Oncologist·Rajarshi Roy, Anthony Maraveyas
Dec 7, 2005·Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology·Bea PauwelsJan B Vermorken
Oct 2, 2003·Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association·Pamela D JonesJohn M Losonsky
Feb 11, 2003·American Journal of Clinical Oncology·Stephan MoseHeinz D Böttcher
Apr 22, 2008·Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·Marco BenassoGiovanni Margarino
Aug 7, 2004·Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·Claudia E RübeChristian Rübe
Aug 8, 2015·Radiation Oncology·Arlene L OeiPrzemek M Krawczyk
Oct 25, 2011·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·Kazuhiko OgawaUNKNOWN Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group Working Subgroup of Gastrointestinal Cancers
Jul 1, 2004·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Elizabeth KentDavid C Smith
Apr 19, 2016·PloS One·David Robert GrimesMike Partridge
Jan 30, 2007·Nature Clinical Practice. Oncology·Tanguy Y SeiwertEverett E Vokes
Oct 22, 2005·Radiation Research·Bea PauwelsJan B Vermorken
Sep 20, 2005·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Stephen G DiversFrancisco Robert
Jul 9, 2005·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Christopher G WillettDavid P Ryan
Feb 1, 2002·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Lucio TrodellaNuma Cellini
Jan 6, 2005·The Oncologist·Bea PauwelsJan B Vermorken
Jun 11, 1999·American Journal of Clinical Oncology·J L MartinR Martin
Feb 23, 2002·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·Ian M Coupar, Binh L T Tran
Sep 25, 2008·Cancer Control : Journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center·Gregory M Springett, Sarah E Hoffe
Mar 19, 2013·International Journal of Oncology·Nicolaas A P FrankenGerrit W Barendsen
Jun 28, 2013·Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine·Theodora Krasia-Christoforou, Theoni K Georgiou
Dec 21, 2007·Cancer Control : Journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center·Pete AndersonShaio Woo
Apr 18, 2007·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Felix Y FengMukesh K Nyati

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine
Koji Takeda
Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research
T H DoyleW G McKenna
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved