Gender differences and risk factors for smoking among patients with various psychiatric disorders in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Mental Health Systems
Fahad Dakheel AlosaimiMohammed Z Alassiry

Abstract

The higher prevalence of smoking among psychiatric patients is well established. However, gender-specific associations have rarely been the focus of studies among patients with various psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to estimate the gender-specific prevalence of current smoking by psychiatric patients and its association with various psychiatric disorders and the use of psychotropic medications. A cross-sectional observational study was performed between July 2012 and June 2014. Patients were recruited from six hospitals located in the five regions of Saudi Arabia. Of the 1193 patients, 402 (33.7%) were current smokers. The incidence of current smoking was much higher among males than females (58.3% versus 6.7%, p < 0.001). In one or both genders, current smoking was associated with marital status, education, family income, residence, obesity, physical activity, substance abuse, inpatient status, previous psychiatric hospitalization, and age at onset of psychiatric illness. In both gender, smoking was higher in patients who had a secondary psychiatric disorder (66.7% versus 37.5%, respectively), those who had a primary psychotic disorder (63.7% versus 12.3%), and those taking antipsychotic medication (64.1% ver...Continue Reading

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