Gender differences in the pathways to higher education

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Gijsbert Stoet, David C Geary

Abstract

It is well known that far fewer men than women enroll in tertiary education in the United States and other Western nations. Developed nations vary in the degree to which men are underrepresented, but the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average lies around 45% male students. We use data from the OECD Education at a Glance statistical reports, the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), and the World Values Survey to explain the degree to which men are underrepresented. Using a multiple regression model, we show that the combination of both the national reading proficiency levels of 15-y-old boys and girls and the social attitudes toward girls attending university can predict the enrollment in tertiary education 5 y later. The model also shows that parity in some countries is a result of boys' poor reading proficiency and negative social attitudes toward girls' education, which suppresses college enrollment in both sexes, but for different reasons. True equity will at the very least require improvement in boys' reading competencies and the liberalization of attitudes regarding women's pursuit of higher education. At this time, there is little reason to expect that the enrollment gap will...Continue Reading

References

Sep 24, 2008·American Journal of Public Health·David R Williams
Jul 13, 2013·Psychological Science·Harrison J KellJames H Steiger
Mar 17, 2015·European Journal of Public Health·Anna BrydstenKlara Johansson
Mar 15, 2019·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology·Kira O McCabeCamilla P Benbow
Jul 17, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Thomas Breda, Clotilde Napp

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Citations

Jul 15, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·David Lubinski
Jun 25, 2021·European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging·Fabrizia Gelardi, Noemi Gozzi
Jul 10, 2021·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·David C GearyLara Nugent

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PISA

Software Mentioned

R

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