Gender equality and human rights approaches to female genital mutilation: a review of international human rights norms and standards

Reproductive Health
Rajat KhoslaSusana T Fried

Abstract

Two hundred million girls and women in the world are estimated to have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM), and another 15 million girls are at risk of experiencing it by 2020 in high prevalence countries (UNICEF, 2016. Female genital mutilation/cutting: a global concern. 2016). Despite decades of concerted efforts to eradicate or abandon the practice, and the increased need for clear guidance on the treatment and care of women who have undergone FGM, present efforts have not yet been able to effectively curb the number of women and girls subjected to this practice (UNICEF. Female genital mutilation/cutting: a statistical overview and exploration of the dynamics of change. 2013), nor are they sufficient to respond to health needs of millions of women and girls living with FGM. International efforts to address FGM have thus far focused primarily on preventing the practice, with less attention to treating associated health complications, caring for survivors, and engaging health care providers as key stakeholders. Recognizing this imperative, WHO developed guidelines on management of health complications of FGM. In this paper, based on foundational research for the development of WHO's guidelines, we situate the practice of...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 11, 2020·The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official Journal of the European Society of Contraception·Bakhtiar PirooziArian Azadnia
Aug 18, 2018·Obstetrics and Gynecology International·Elliot KleinTamar A Smith-Norowitz
Oct 9, 2020·Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health : CP & EMH·Caterina La CasciaDinesh Bhugra
Apr 13, 2021·Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare : Official Journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives·Valeria AuricchioMassimo Franchi
Jul 16, 2021·Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare : Official Journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives·Caisha Arai AhmedMalin Bogren
Aug 3, 2021·Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare : Official Journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives·Dawit G AlemuDonaldson F Conserve

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