Gender-specific regional changes in genetic structure of muscularity in early adolescence

Journal of Applied Physiology
R LoosR Vlietinck

Abstract

Genetic and environmental influences on muscle circumference measurements of the extremities were estimated in 105 pairs of twins between 10 and 14 yr of age. Four circumferences, extended upper arm (EAC), forearm (FC), thigh (TC), and calf (CC), were measured. Univariate model fitting revealed that the largest part (87-95%) of the variance for all circumferences at most ages was explained by additive genetic factors. Sex differences were observed for some age categories. Multivariate analyses showed a different pattern evolving according to age and gender. In boys from 10 to 12 yr of age, one general genetic factor influenced all four circumferences. With increasing age, an arm-leg model emerged, one genetic factor influencing the arm and another genetic factor the leg circumferences. In young girls one genetic factor loaded on the proximal (EAC, TC) and another on the distal (FC, CC) circumferences. With subjects at age 14 yr, an arm-leg model was observed. High genetic correlations indicated that genetic factors related to EAC, FC, TC, and CC did not act independently. The age-and gender-specific changes in the genetic structure suggest pubertal influences. This study shows that muscle circumferences are highly heritable cha...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 18, 2004·Physiological Genomics·W HuygensG Beunen
Feb 10, 2004·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Julia MissitziVassilis Klissouras
May 16, 2007·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·K TiainenT Rantanen
Jun 2, 2007·Twin Research and Human Genetics : the Official Journal of the International Society for Twin Studies·Gunther De MarsGaston Beunen
May 5, 2009·Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport·Beat KnechtleGötz Kohler
May 9, 2012·Sports Medicine·Aldo M CostaMário C Marques
Feb 3, 2007·Journal of Applied Physiology·Gunther De MarsMartine A I Thomis
May 10, 2008·Journal of Applied Physiology·Adam D G Baxter-JonesDonald A Bailey
Feb 27, 2013·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Tom ThomaesLuc Vanhees
Feb 4, 2016·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Sigal Ben-ZakenYoav Meckel
Apr 6, 2004·Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology = Revue Canadienne De Physiologie Appliquée·Wim HuygensGaston P Beunen
Jan 6, 2005·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Kristina TiainenTaina Rantanen
May 20, 1998·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·M A ThomisR F Vlietinck
May 24, 2008·Twin Research and Human Genetics : the Official Journal of the International Society for Twin Studies·Kristina M TiainenUrho M Kujala
Jun 21, 2007·Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin·David A Frederick, Martie G Haselton
Jul 2, 1998·Acta Physiologica Scandinavica·M A ThomisR F Vlietinck
Dec 25, 2015·Journal of Applied Physiology·Gordon I Smith, Bettina Mittendorfer
Mar 5, 2008·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·David E CharbonneauStephen M Roth
Nov 1, 2011·Age·Nuria Garatachea, Alejandro Lucía

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