Gene flow improves fitness at a range edge under climate change

Evolution Letters
Megan Bontrager, Amy L Angert

Abstract

Populations at the margins of a species' geographic range are often thought to be poorly adapted to their environment. According to theoretical predictions, gene flow can inhibit these range edge populations if it disrupts adaptation to local conditions. Alternatively, if range edge populations are small or isolated, gene flow can provide beneficial genetic variation and may facilitate adaptation to environmental change. We tested these competing predictions in the annual wildflower Clarkia pulchella using greenhouse crosses to simulate gene flow from sources across the geographic range into two populations at the northern range margin. We planted these between-population hybrids in common gardens at the range edge and evaluated how genetic differentiation and climatic differences between edge populations and gene flow sources affected lifetime fitness. During an anomalously warm study year, gene flow from populations occupying historically warm sites improved fitness at the range edge and plants with one or both parents from warm populations performed best. The effects of the temperature provenance of gene flow sources were most apparent at early life history stages, but precipitation provenance also affected reproduction. We ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 7, 2019·Oecologia·Megan BontragerAmy L Angert
Jun 20, 2019·American Journal of Botany·Dylan O BurgeVictoria L Sork
Oct 24, 2019·Global Change Biology·Thibaut FréjavilleMarta Benito Garzón
Sep 11, 2019·Annual Review of Marine Science·Malin L PinskyZoë J Kitchel
Nov 16, 2019·Ecology Letters·Jill T Anderson, Susana M Wadgymar
Feb 16, 2021·Journal of Systematics and Evolution·Jill Anderson, Bao-Hua Song
Mar 23, 2021·Trends in Ecology & Evolution·Ezra J KottlerSteven J Franks
Jul 13, 2019·Trends in Ecology & Evolution·Donovan A BellAndrew R Whiteley
Apr 21, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Matthew M Kling, David D Ackerly
Jun 10, 2021·Ecology·Regan L Cross, Christopher G Eckert
Aug 11, 2021·Nature Ecology & Evolution·Jonás A Aguirre-LiguoriBrandon S Gaut

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Software Mentioned

PRISM
ggeffects
ClimateNA
R package hierfstat
HadGEM2
glmmTMB
R
R Core Team
ES

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