Gene regulation in the 3D genome

Human Molecular Genetics
Yun LiYin Shen

Abstract

The spatial organization of the genome is essential for the precise control of gene expression. Recent advances in sequencing and imaging technologies allow us to explore the 3D genome and its relationship to gene regulation at an unprecedented scale. In this review, we provide an overview of lessons learned from studying the chromatin structure and their implications in communications between gene promoters and distal cis-regulatory elements, such as enhancers. We first review the current knowledge of general genome organization, followed by the importance of chromatin folding in gene regulation. Next, we proceed to a brief survey of the recently developed chromosome conformation capture technologies, as well as most widely adopted read-outs from such data. We then introduce two emerging models that offer explanations regarding how distal enhancers achieve transcriptional control of target genes in the 3D genome. Last, we discuss the promising prospects of leveraging knowledge in chromatin spatial organization for studying complex diseases and traits.

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Jan 31, 2019·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Rianne R Campbell, Marcelo A Wood
Apr 27, 2019·Frontiers in Genetics·Heeralal JanwaBud Mishra
Feb 6, 2021·American Journal of Human Genetics·Taylor M LaglerYun Li
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Mar 14, 2020·Experimental Cell Research·Zhouqing LuoJunbiao Dai
Jan 14, 2021·Human Molecular Genetics·Yuanqing FengSarah A Tishkoff
May 20, 2021·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·Peter James Michael Deans, Kristen J Brennand
Oct 2, 2019·ACS Synthetic Biology·Leo Y T Chou, William M Shih

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